Origin
Marks : 1: English: variant of Mark with genitival or post-medieval excrescent -s.2: Dutch and German: patronymic from Mark.3: Jewish (western Ashkenazic): variant of Marx.
Disher : 1: Americanized form of German Discher ‘joiner’.2: English and Scottish: occupational name for a maker or seller of dishes (Middle English disher(e)) from an agent derivative of Middle English dish diss disc ‘dish’. In London dishers (also known as turnours) were makers of wooden measures for wine and ale. Each disher had his own mark which was stamped on the bottom of each measure he made. Samples of marks were required to be submitted to the Chamberlain.
Grain : 1: English: topographic name from Old Norse grein ‘inlet; fork in a river’ or a habitational name from some place with that or a similar name such as Grain (Kent).2: English: from the Old Norse personal name Grein literally ‘branch’ but also ‘discord’ or ‘discernment’.3: English: from Middle English grain ‘bud pimple pustule’ (Old French grain) possibly a nickname for a person with facial marks. From the late 16th century the name was augmented or possibly superseded by the name of the Protestant refugees from France and the Low Countries (see 4 below).4: French: nickname from Old French grain (from Frankish gram) ‘sad’ or from Old French grain ‘bud pimple pustule’ (compare 3 above).
Lakhanpal : Hindu (Brahmin) from Sanskrit lakṣmaṇa ‘endowed with auspicious marks fortunate’ + pāla ‘protector’.
Scorer : from Middle English scourer *scorer ‘one who cleanses or polishes items of metal wood earthenware etc. by rubbing hard with a detergent substance’.from Middle English scorer ‘one who cuts or makes lines on (something)’. The term may have had a number of specialized senses relating to different occupations. The only one on record is ‘one who marks trees to be cut down’ (MED before 1395). However the most common senses of the related Middle English verb scoren are ‘to mark (an item on a tally)’ hence ‘to compute to record or keep an account (of something)’ so scorer may sometimes have denoted ‘an accountant or record-keeper’. Compare Scotcher.
Sismore : from Old French sis ‘six’ + mars ‘marks’ i.e. the monetary sum of six marks (the equivalent of four medieval pounds sterling). Compare Dismore.
Sizemore : 1: English: nickname from Old French sis ‘six’ + mars ‘marks’ i.e. the monetary sum of six marks (the equivalent of four medieval pounds sterling). Compare Dismore. This surname is now rare in Britain.2: Possibly also an Americanized form of German Ziesemer.
Tye : 1: English (mainly Kent): from Middle English tye teghe teye ‘enclosed piece of land; large area of common pasture’ (Old English tēag tīege). The surname may be topographic for someone who lived on or near such a piece of land or habitational from a place so named such as Teigh (Rutland) or Great Little and Marks Tey (Essex).2: North German: from a short form Tide of the personal name Dietrich.3: Chinese: variant Romanization of the surname 鄭 probably representing its Teochew Hokkien or Taiwanese pronunciation. See Zheng 1.4: Chinese: variant Romanization of the surnames 戴 see Dai 1.
Yun : 1: Korean: written 윤 in Chinese characters 尹 meaning ‘govern’. Although some records indicate the existence of 149 clans only ten can be documented. Each descends from a different ancestor. The largest that of P’ap’yŏng descends from a man named Shin Tal. According to legend an old woman named Yun On who lived in P’ap’yŏng saw a rainbow over a lotus pond in the mountains. When she went to investigate she found a boy in a box. The boy had scales under his arm and seven dark birth marks on his body. She raised him as her own and gave him her name Yun. The oldest Yun clan that of Tamwŏn descends from a man named Shi-yŏng who lived during the reign of the Shilla King Muyŏl (654–661). Compare Yoon 1 and Youn.2: Chinese: Mandarin form of the surname 雲 from a word meaning ‘cloud’ in Chinese: (i) from Yun (鄖) the name of an ancient state (located in present-day Hubei province) which was annexed by the state of Chu during the Spring and Autumn period (770–476 BC). The name of the state was adopted as a surname but a different character pronounced the same was chosen as the written form. (ii) from the Die Yun (牒雲) Xi Yun (悉雲) Shi Yun (是雲) and You Lian (宥連) families of the Xianbei ethnic group in northern China who acquired this surname during the Northern Wei dynasty (386–534 AD). (iii) shortened form of Jin Yun (縉雲) said to be the name of an official post during the reign of the legendary Huang Di the ‘Yellow Emperor’ (c. 27th century BC). (iv) adopted as a Han Chinese surname by some minority ethnic groups (such as Mongolians).3: Chinese: Mandarin form of the surnames 員 or 貟 (another written form of 員): (i) from Yun (鄖) the name of an ancient state which was annexed by the state of Chu (see 2 (i) above). (ii) from the personal name Yun (員) personal name of Wu Zixu (559–484 BC) a famous general in the state of Wu during the Spring and Autumn period (770–476 BC). (iii) adopted as a surname by Liu Ning an official during the Song period (420 AD – 479 AD) in the Southern dynasties who changed his original surname Liu (劉) to Yun (員) in memory of his idol Wu Zixu (559–484 BC) a famous general in the state of Wu during the Spring and Autumn period (770–476 BC).4: Chinese: Mandarin form of the surname 惲: (i) adopted in place of another Chinese surname Yun (鄆) which was traced back to name of a fief in the state of Lu during the Spring and Autumn period (770–476 BC). (ii) from the second element of the personal name Xiong Yun (熊惲) style name of King Cheng of Chu (ruler of the state of Chu died 626 BC). (iii) from the personal name Yun (惲) personal name of Yang Yun (楊惲 died 54 BC) known as Marquis of Pingtong during the Western Han dynasty (206 BC–25 AD) who was killed by Emperor Xuan of Han (91–49 AD). After his death his descendants adopted his personal name Yun (惲) as the new surname in order to escape from the feud.5: Chinese: variant Romanization of the surnames 殷 尹 and 印 see Yin 1-3.6: Chinese: variant Romanization of the surname 溫 see Wen 1.7: Chinese: variant Romanization of the surname 嚴 see Yan 1.8: Chinese: variant Romanization of the surname 阮 see Ruan 3.9: Chinese: variant Romanization of the surname 楊 see Yang 1.10: Chinese: variant Romanization of the surname 甄 see Zhen.11: Probably also an Americanized form of Czech Jun ‘youthful agile’.
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Source : DAFN2 : Dictionary of American Family Names 2nd edition, ©2022 by Patrick Hanks and Oxford University Press
FANBI : The Oxford Dictionary if Family Names in Britain and Ireland, ©2016, University of the West of England
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